Choose the best answer for how you felt over the past week. The gds short form 15 questions has been derived from the 30 question version. Depression is underrecognized in older adults, especially those with chronic conditions such as heart disease and arthritis. From the hartford institute for geriatric nursing, new york university rory meyers. The 4 item geriatric depression scale is suitable as a screening test for depressive symptoms in the elderly. Geriatric depression scale short form patients name. To compare three published short gds scales and to identify a valid and reliable short. Circle the answer that best describes how you felt over the past week. It is a selfreport assessment used to identify depression in the elderly. To evaluate the use of the geriatric depression scale gds and the gds.
It has been designed for the assessment of depressive symptomatology in elderly people and excludes any questions relating to the physical symptoms of depression common in old age. Questions from the long form gds which had the highest correlation with depressive symptoms in validation studies were selected for the short version. Scores of 04 are considered normal, depending on age, education, and complaints. The geriatric depression scale gds is a screening test originally developed by j. The geriatric depression scale gds 15 point version is a depression assessment tool specifically designed for older people. A spanish version of the geriatric depression scale in. Later versions retain only the most discriminating questions. Geriatric depression scale gds the gds is used as a screening tool for identifying depression in older adults. The geriatric depression scale gds 15 as developed by yesavage 1983 yesavage et al. Jerome a yesavage geriatric depression scale psychopharmacology bulletin 1988 24. Block, md, is an awardwinning, boardcertified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in pennsylvania.
Therefore, it taps the affective and behavioral symptoms of. The geriatric depression scale gds is an evaluation tool to diagnose older adults depression. The 30item geriatric depression scale gds30 and the gds15, gds5 and gds4, which are 15item, 5item and 4item subsets of the gds30, are commonly recommended as depression screening tools. Gds15 geriatric depression scale 15item short form. Pdf accuracy of the 15item geriatric depression scale gds15.
There is a long form 30 item questionnaire and short form 15item questionnaire for the gds. The criterion validity of the geriatric depression scale. Gds15 contains the most important items from the full gds and therefore should not be used as the starting point. Australian chinese version of the geriatric depression. The scale originally contained 100 items, but was condensed to 30 is a selfadministered test, but can be used in observeradministered formats also the 30 items. Pdf usefulness of the geriatric depression scale 15item version.
Accuracy of the 15item geriatric depression scale gds15 in a. This short form of the gds was developed in 1986 by sheikh and yesavage. There are four trigger questions that often alert a practitioner to complete the 15item gds. Yesavage and sheikh, 1986 is a widely employed screening test that offers an added value in the primary care detection of latelife.
Depression develops in 4060% of patient with mi 24 fold increase in mortality rate following mi jama psychiatry, 2009 depression after stroke 3. Of the 15 items, 10 indicated the presence of depression when answered positively, while. The geriatric depression scale15 gds15 is a short, 15item instrument specifically designed to assess depression in geriatric populations. The gds15 is a 15item short form of the original 30item geriatric depression scale. Do you think that most people are better off than you are. Greenberg, phd, rn, gnpbc, hartford institute for geriatric nursing, new york university rory meyers college of nursing why. Of the 15 items, 10 indicated the presence of depression when answered. Answers indicating depression are in bold and italicized.
Screening performance of the geriatric depression scale. A psychometric properties evaluation of the italian. The original geriatric depression scale gds was a 30item questionnaire timeconsuming and challenging for some patients and staff. Left untreated, depression may progress and have dramatic effects on overall health. Circle the answer that best describes how you felt over the past. Short form is a 15question screening tool for depression. It can be used within a wide range of settings, and can be used with those that have a medical illness or those with mild to moderate cognitive impairment. This tip sheet provides guidance on administering the geriatric depression scale gds 15 point version, a depression assessment tool specifically designed for older people.
The aim of this populationbased study was to investigate the usefulness of the geriatric depression scale 15item version gds15 to assess depressive symptoms among very old people. Geriatric depression scale for communitydwelling older adults in nepal r gautam phd, sc houde phd, anpbc abstract purpose. It was designed specifically for the aged, as a screening instrument for depression. It can be used within a wide range of settings and can be used with those that have a medical. The geriatric depression scale was developed by yesavage, brink, rose, lum, huang, adey, and leirer 1982. Diagnostic accuracy of the geriatric depression scale30. There are five different items between these two versions i. This questionnaire was defined by yesavage and brink in 1982. The 15item version of the geriatric depression scale gds15 is widely employed to assess depression in old people, but it is unclear if there are biases in the total score depending on. Of the 15 items, 10 indicated the presence of depression when answered positively, while the rest question numbers 1, 5, 7, 11, indicated depression when answered negatively. Tip sheet 6 the geriatric depression scale gds15 what is the gds.
Does the 15item geriatric depression scale function. The geriatric depression scale gds is a 30item selfreport assessment used to identify depression in the elderly. Validity and reliability of geriatric depression scale15 short form in. Usefulness of the geriatric depression scale 15item version among. The use of rating depression series in the elderly, in poon ed. Clinical memory assessment of older adults, am erican psychological association, 1986 2 tools may be copied without permission. The 15 item geriatric depression scale had perfect. The aim of this populationbased study was to investigate the usefulness of the geriatric depression scale 15item version. Currently, two versions of the gds15 have been used with older chinese immigrants living in western countries, including the standard gds15 and the muis 1996 gds15.
Geriatric depression scale an overview sciencedirect. It has been designed for the assessment of depressive symptomatology in. Geriatric depression scale for original article community. Geriatric depression scale short form geriatric assessment tool kit. Aged care assessment geriatric depression scale gds. The aim of this populationbased study was to investigate the usefulness of the geriatric depression scale 15item version gds15 to assess depressive symptoms among very. Introduction the 30item geriatric depression scale gds30 and the shorter gds15, gds5 and gds4 are recommended as depression screening tools for elderly individuals. The geriatric depression scale gds, although developed for older adults, has also been validated in younger adults. The 15item version of the geriatric depression scale gds15 4 is a timeconstrained intervieweradministered scale with good psychometric properties and wide acceptance in the. Accuracy of the 15item geriatric depression scale gds15. Using an annual over75 health check to screen for depression. The geriatric depression scale gds was designed specifically to screen for depression in geriatric populations.
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